{"id":2132,"date":"2019-11-24T21:43:55","date_gmt":"2019-11-24T21:43:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/?p=2132"},"modified":"2019-11-24T21:44:02","modified_gmt":"2019-11-24T21:44:02","slug":"sumac-staghorn-mead","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/index.php\/2019\/11\/24\/sumac-staghorn-mead\/","title":{"rendered":"Staghorn Mead"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Its always fun to brew using things you find in your backyard, or in the nearby parks and forests. Last year I made a mead from some honey harvested from my hive&#8230;<a href=\"https:\/\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/index.php\/2019\/02\/12\/wild-mead\/\">and some yeast harvested from my bees<\/a>. This fall I put together something a little different &#8211; a mead made from Staghorn Sumac, which is an abundant tree on my farm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For those of you unfamiliar with sumac, it is a commonly used spice in African, Middle-Eastern and South-East Asian cooking. It is a vibrant red spice made from the &#8220;hairs&#8221; coating the sumac berries. Its character is a bright acidity, created by the large amounts of malic acid present on the hairs. While in Asia it is used as a spice, those in North America may be more familiar with its use in making a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.seriouseats.com\/recipes\/2013\/09\/sparkling-sumac-soda-recipe.html\">lemonade-like beverage<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Harvesting Sumac<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"2133\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/index.php\/2019\/11\/24\/sumac-staghorn-mead\/sumac01\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac01.jpg?fit=1600%2C1238&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1600,1238\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Staghorn Sumac\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Staghorn sumac, a few days before its ready to harvest&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac01.jpg?fit=800%2C619&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac01.jpg?resize=256%2C198&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Staghorn Sumac\" class=\"wp-image-2133\" width=\"256\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac01.jpg?resize=1024%2C792&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac01.jpg?resize=300%2C232&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac01.jpg?resize=768%2C594&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac01.jpg?resize=1536%2C1188&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac01.jpg?w=1600&amp;ssl=1 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 256px) 100vw, 256px\" \/><figcaption>Staghorn sumac, a few days before its ready to harvest<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>To make a sumac mead we first need sumac. There are a lot of types of sumac that you can use, with more areas of the northern hemisphere having one of more native species. Edible forms all have red-to-burgundy berries (poison sumac has white berries&#8230;don&#8217;t brew with that one in case the name didn&#8217;t make it obvious), but getting them at their peak is a challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are two things we need to address &#8211; the first is getting the berries when they are ripe. I can only speak to my local species of sumac (Staghorn sumac), which appears as a mix of red &amp; green just before they are ready, with most of the berries going bright red when they are ready to harvest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The second thing we need to consider is that most of the flavour is on the outside of the &#8220;berries&#8221;, and can be washed off by rain. So make sure you are collecting berries at least 3 days after the last rain. You&#8217;ll know they are ready as they will feel slightly tacky to the touch, and if you lick your finger after touching a sumac cluster, your fingers will be intensely sour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I harvested a 5 gallon pail of sumac bobs; most I harvested the spice from by knocking the hairs off in a blender (the hairs are the spice). But I kept a dozen or so of the better bobs for the mead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Brewday &amp; Fermentation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The brewing of this mead was very simple and straight forward. I only made 4 L (~1 gallon) as this was an experimental batch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"2134\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/index.php\/2019\/11\/24\/sumac-staghorn-mead\/sumac02\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac02.jpg?fit=800%2C1600&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"800,1600\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"sumac02\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac02.jpg?fit=512%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac02.jpg?fit=512%2C1024\" alt=\"sumac infusion\" class=\"wp-image-2134\" width=\"128\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac02.jpg?w=800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac02.jpg?resize=150%2C300&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac02.jpg?resize=512%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 512w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac02.jpg?resize=768%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 128px) 100vw, 128px\" \/><figcaption>Making the infusion<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>I first created a sumac infusion by placing several large sumac bobs into 4L of dechlorinated water. I let this sit overnight in the fridge, created a yellow-orange coloured infusion with a slightly tart character.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I then poured 800 g of honey into a sanitized 4L fermenter and warmed the honey by placing the fermenter into hot water in my kitchen sink. To this I added the sumac infusion until I had 3 L total volume. I then vigorously shook the fermenter until all the honey was incorporated, and then added more of the infusion until the final (4L) volume was reached. This produced a must with a gravity of 1.067.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To this I added 1 g of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lallemandbrewing.com\/en\/united-states\/product-details\/lalvin-qa23\/\">Lalvin QA23<\/a>, rehydrated in a small volume of distilled water. I chose this yeast as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/11922586\/Phytochemistry_Pharmacological_Properties_and_Industrial_Applications_of_Rhus_coriaria_L._Sumac_A_Review\">sumac is known to contain a lot of glycosides<\/a>, which a glycosidase-positive yeast like QA23 can convert into flavourful components.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I followed a TONSA-like approach, but using White Labs W1000 nutrient in place of Fermain-O. I added 0.6 g of nutrient at 24, 48 and 72 hours post yeast-pitch, as well as a final 0.6 g on day 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"2135\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/index.php\/2019\/11\/24\/sumac-staghorn-mead\/sumac03\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac03.jpg?fit=1600%2C1672&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1600,1672\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"sumac03\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac03.jpg?fit=800%2C836&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/suigenerisbrewing.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sumac03.jpg?fit=800%2C836\" alt=\"staghorn mead, bottled\" class=\"wp-image-2135\" width=\"250\" height=\"209\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>56 days later (it should have been 30, but life got in the way) I transferred the mead &#8211; now at a gravity of 0.997 (9.4% ABV) to a clean fermenter, to which I added 125 g of honey, 0.2 g of potassium metabisulfate and 0.9 g of potassium sorbate. I put the mead into a fridge to clear&#8230;and after a month added some sparkeloid to try and clear it faster. Another month later and it was ready &#8211; but a tasting showed it wasn&#8217;t sweet enough. So I transferred it to a clean fermenter, along with 125 g of additional honey. The mead was then bottled as a still mead, using half-sized (325 ml) wine bottles sealed with corks. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tasting Notes &#8211; Staghorn Mead<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Appearance:<\/strong> A light peach colour in appearance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Aroma:<\/strong> Honey, with hits of rosewater.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Flavour:<\/strong> Up front is a honey character, slight tartness, and a rosewater or floral-like character. The strong malic acid bite I was expecting is absent, but the mead is still slightly tart. I over-sweetened this slightly, giving the mead fair bit of sweetness in the mid-body. The after taste is a lingering honey sweetness and rosewater character.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mouthfeel:<\/strong> The higher sweetening rate has given this mead a rather heavy body, similar to what you may find in a bolder red wine. This is a little odd, given the pale colour of the mead. Its not unpleasant, but it is unexpected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Overall:<\/strong> This mead is not quite as I expected. The yeast must have done some malo-lactic fermentation, making it much less sour than the initial infusion. I also back-sweetened it more than planned, making it more of a dessert mead than a day-to-day sipper. Likewise, the  glycosidase activity brought out an unexpected floral character. Personally, I&#8217;m not a big fan of rosewater, but even so, I do find this mead enjoyable. SWMBO&#8217;d is a much bigger fan of a floral palate, and I think I may be lucky to have any of this mead left come Christmas. Overall I enjoy this mead, my wife is a big fan, but there is a lot of room for improvement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Changes for Next Time:<\/strong> I&#8217;d make a few changes when I next make this mead &#8211; likely the summer of 2020. First, I&#8217;d use a lot more sumac (perhaps even the purified spice) to get a much more intense flavour. Secondly, I&#8217;d pick a  glycosidase-negative yeast (and one incapable of malo-lactic fermentation if possible) to limit the floral flavours. Finally, I&#8217;d back-sweeten slightly less aggressively, to make a dryer mead. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Its always fun to brew using things you find in your backyard, or in the nearby parks and forests. Last<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2133,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4,7],"tags":[253,52,288,287,53],"class_list":["post-2132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-homebrewing","category-recipes","tag-mead","tag-recipe","tag-staghorn-sumac","tag-sumac","tag-tasting-notes"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Sumac &amp; Honey: Staghorn Mead - Sui Generis Brewing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Brewday notes and a recipe for Staghorn Mead - a mead made from staghorn sumac. 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